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您的当前位置是：首页 > 考试指导 > 英语统考 > 2016郑大远程教育大学英语期末考试复习资料（二）
2016郑大远程教育大学英语期末考试复习资料（二）
Unit 4 Culture
一、 本单元学习内容
Text A British Customs
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）：Table （表格法）
Grammar （语法知识）： Attributive Clauses（定语从句）
Text B Social Customs and Ways of Behaving
Use of English （交际英语）: Congratulations, Wishes, Praises and Encouragement（祝贺、希望、赞扬和鼓励）
Reading Skills（阅读技巧）: Types of Reading Comprehension Examination Questions （阅读题型介绍）
Text C Manners for Invitations in America
Writing Skills（写作技巧）: Narration（叙述文）
二、本单元学习目标
Social customs and ways of behaving are always changing and different from country to country. After learning the three texts in this unit, the learners should know how the British people respect privacy and how to accept invitations from Americans. The students will learn words and expressions on social customs and ways of behaving.
不同国家的的社会习俗和人们的行为方式有很大不同，并且不断变化。通过本单元3篇课文的学习，学生应了解英国人对于隐私的尊重以及在美国接受邀请时应注意的社交礼仪。学生还要掌握与文化习俗有关的单词、短语等常用表达。
Text A British Customs
Text Structure Analysis 课文结构分析
Topic: British Customs Style: Exposition（说明文）
|
Topic Sentences |
Ways of Writing |
Symbol Words （标志词） |
Details Supporting the Topic: |
|
The British people are very particular about privacy. |
Listing （列举法）
Exemplification （例证法） |
First of all, Another thing, One more thing,
For example, Suppose, |
Some questions that you should never ask: money matters, the age of a woman, Not looking at other people’s letters. |
|
They generally talk about the weather. |
Exemplification （例证法） |
|
Lovely weather, isn’t it? It is a bit colder than yesterday, isn’t it? Looks like rain, doesn’t it? Terrible weather! |
|
You may wonder why everybody talks about the weather in England. |
Explanation （解释说明） |
You may wonder why… The reason is … |
Small island country; Weather changes very often. |
Structure（句子结构）
1. It is/was + adj. + to do …（做某事是……）
2. One (more) thing/the only thing/ the most important thing is/was that…（表语从句中that不能省略）
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）
Table (表格法)
Grammar（语法知识）：Attributive Clauses （定语从句）
Reading Skills（阅读技巧）
Introduction to Types of Reading Comprehension Examination Questions（阅读常考题型与问题介绍）
Writing Skills （写作技巧）: Narration （叙述文）
Unit 5 Learning
一、 本单元学习内容
Text A The Best Way to Improve Your Reading Ability
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）：Scale （程度排序法）
Grammar （语法知识）: Adverbial Clauses （状语从句）
Text B English Learners
Use of English （交际英语）: Requests and Suggestions （请求与建议）
Reading Skills（阅读技巧）: Reading for Major Details （细节题）
Text C Good Language Learners
Writing Skills（写作技巧）: Description （描写文）
二、本单元学习目标
Through the three passages in this unit, the students can learn the importance of reading, master the efficient methods to reading and language learning, improve their language learning effects, and become good language learners.
通过学习本单元三篇课文，学生能了解阅读的重要性，掌握有效的阅读和语言学习方法，提高语言学习效率，成为良好的语言学习者。
Text A The Best Way to Improve Your Reading Ability
Text Structure Analysis 课文结构分析
Topic: The Best Way to Improve Your Reading Ability Style: Exposition（说明文）
|
How to improve your reading ability? (Para.1)
|
General statement: The best way to improve your reading ability is, of course, to read. Supporting details: (1) The student must make a real effort to improve his speed, and if necessary, his comprehension with each exercise. (2) You should read a passage actively, selectively and purposely. |
|
How to read in a best way? (Para.2) |
General statement: Reading, like everything else in life, is best done when you are relaxed. Supporting details: (1) The key to improve it is concentration. You must be willing to break some old habits and form new ones. (2) You should see words as part of a whole sentence or paragraph, not just in isolation. |
|
What should students do to improve reading？（Para.3） |
General statement: The student must learn to improve reading skills on their own. Supporting detail: Reading improvement takes discipline and effort. |
Structure（句子结构）
1. 主语+is/are +to be/do…
(动词不定式放在be动词后面做表语，用来解释、说明主语)
2. neither…nor…既不…也不…
(连接两个并列成分,当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与离它最近的主语保持一致)
3. sb. must/should do sth., and not just… (某人应该做……而不应该……)
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）
Scale (程度排序法)
Grammar（语法知识）
Adverbial Clauses （状语从句）
状语从句的分类
状语从句 (Adverbial Clause），指子句用作状语时，起副词作用的子句。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句一般由从属连词引导，也可以由词组引导。根据其在句中的作用可分为九类。
Reading Skills: （阅读技巧）
Reading for Major Details（细节题）
Writing Skills（写作技巧）: Description (描写文)
Unit 6 Career
一、 本单元学习内容
Text A My Working Experience
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）：Cluster (串联法)
Grammar (语法知识): Noun Clauses (名词性从句)
Text B Team Player
Use of English (交际英语): Invitation and Apology （邀请和道歉）
Reading Skills（阅读技巧）: Reading for the Main Ideas in Paragraphs and Passages (主旨题)
Text C Attitudes Towards Work
Writing Skills（写作技巧）: Exposition （说明文）
二、本单元学习目标
After learning the three texts in this unit, the students can master some key words and expressions about work, learn how to narrate one’s own experience briefly, how to become excellent team players, and get the main idea of Japanese workers’ attitudes towards work.
通过对本单元3篇课文的学习，学生能够掌握与工作有关的单词、词组，学会如何简要叙述个人经历，如何成为优秀的团队成员，并且了解日本人对工作的态度。
Text A Working Experience
Text Structure Analysis 课文结构分析
Topic: Working Experience Style: Narration（记叙文）
|
Paragraph 1 |
After graduating from the university, I started working in an engineering firm (工程公司). |
|
Paragraph 2 |
After resigning from (辞职) the engineering firm, I accepted a job offered by a friend to work for a travel agency (旅行社) in Spain (西班牙) |
|
Paragraph 3 |
After working in the travel agency for two years, I started working as a part-time (兼职) English teacher at a school. |
|
Paragraph 4 |
Having resigned from the travel agency, I was appointed director of the school after working as a full-time (专职) teacher for two years. |
Structure（句子结构）
1. Somebody had better do something.（某人最好做某事）
2. Somebody would have done something if somebody had done something.
（虚拟语气，表达违背过去事实的假设）
3. Somebody likes something more than something else.（某人喜欢某物胜于其它事物）
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）
Cluster (串联法)
Grammar（语法知识）
Noun Clauses （名词性从句）
在复合句中担任主语、宾语、表语和同位语的从句分别称作主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。这些从句在句中的作用相当于名词，因此统称为名词性从句。
Reading Skills: （阅读技巧）
Reading for the Main Ideas in Paragraphs and Passages (主旨题)
Writing Skills（写作技巧）: Exposition （说明文）
Unit 7 Invention
一、 本单元学习内容
Text A A New Machine
Vocabulary Enlargement （词汇拓展）: Association （联想法）
Grammar (语法知识): Verbals（非谓语动词）
Text B The Future City
Use of English （交际英语）: Thanks and Responses；Attending a Banquet and Dining Out
（感谢和应答；赴宴和外出就餐）
Reading Skills: Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions（判断题）
Text C Cars in the Future
Writing Skills: Argumentation（议论文）
二、本单元学习目标
By describing a new kind of machine, a future city, and the cars in the future, this unit aims to help the students master the usage of the related words, phrases and sentence patterns, and also get the main idea of the structures, functions, advantages and drawbacks of the things described in the texts.
本单元3篇课文通过对一部新机器、一座未来城市、以及未来的汽车的描述，使学生能够掌握一些相关的单词、词组以及句型，并且了解课文中所描述事物的结构、功能、优点与不足。
Text A A New Machine
Text Structure Analysis 课文结构分析
Topic: A New Machine Style: Exposition（说明文）
|
Topic Sentence |
Scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans. |
|
Process Analysis |
（1）A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who operates it. （2）The person wears a special hard hat with television screens and sound equipment. （3）The screens and sound equipment let the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing. （4）The person uses an electronic control to make the machine move. （5）The machine copies the person’s movements exactly. |
|
Concluding Sentence |
This means an expert can do a dangerous job while staying in the safe place. |
Structure（句子结构）
1. let …do…（让……做某事）
2. use…to do…（用……去做……）
Vocabulary Enlargement （词汇拓展）
Association（联想法）
Grammar（语法知识）
Verbals （非谓语动词）
非谓语动词是指动词不定式、动名词和分词。它们是动词的非限定形式。在句子中它们起着一些特殊的作用。
Reading Skills (阅读技巧)
Distinguishing Between Facts and Opinions (判断题)
Writing Skills （阅读技巧）: Argumentation (议论文)
Unit 8 Crime
一、 本单元学习内容
Text A A Burglar
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）: Homographs and Homophones （同形异义与同音异义）
Grammar (语法知识): Subject-Verb Agreement（主谓一致）
Text B For the Matching Pearl
Use of English （交际英语）: Agreement and Disagreement; Accusation and Complaining
（同意和反对；责备和抱怨）
Reading Skills: Finding Out Word Meanings（词汇题）
Text C A Thief’s Warning
Writing Skills: Practical Writing（应用文）
二、本单元学习目标
After learning the three texts, the students are supposed to master some key words and expressions about common crimes, enhance awareness of personal safety and crime prevention, and build critical-thinking and decision-making skills.
通过学习本单元3篇课文，学生应能够掌握与犯罪有关的单词、词组，增强个人安全与预防犯罪意识，并培养应急思考与判断技能。
Text A A Burglar
Text Structure Analysis 课文结构分析
Topic: A Burglar Style: Narration（叙述文）
In narrative, it is common to write according to a chronological order — listing events just according to the time sequence. This kind of writing is much used in telling stories. In this passage, the author is describing what happens according to the time sequence.
Structure（句子结构）
1. ever since … 自从（主句用完成时，从句用一般过去时）
2. be going to …. （表示将要发生的事）
3. …,V+ing…(分词做状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式及伴随等)
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）
Homographs and Homophones （同形异义与同音异义）
Grammar（语法知识）
Subject-Verb Agreement（主谓一致）
Reading Skills （阅读技巧）
Finding Out Word Meanings（词汇题）
Writing Skills（阅读技巧）：Practical Writing （应用文写作）
Unit 9 Education
一、 本单元学习内容
Text A Scientists and Our Education
Vocabulary Enlargement （词汇拓展）: Synonyms and Ａntonyms（关于同义词、反义词）
Grammar (语法知识): Voice（语态）
Text B Adult Education in America
Use of English （交际英语）: Shopping and Ordering（购物与订货）
Reading Skills: Reading Between the Lines（推断题）
Text C Cambridge University
Writing Skills: Punctuation（标点符号）
二、本单元学习目标
After learning the three texts, the students are supposed to master some key words and expressions about education, to understand the necessity of schooling, to realize the importance of mastering learning methods and to learn some knowledge about American adult education and Cambridge university.
通过学习本单元3篇课文，学生应能够掌握与教育有关的单词、词组，了解学校教育的必要性，认识到掌握学习方法的重要性。此外，对美国成人教育和剑桥大学有所了解。
Text A Scientists and Our Education
Text Structure Analysis 课文结构分析
Topic: Scientists and Our Education Style: Argumentation（论说文）
|
Paragraph |
Topic Sentence |
Supporting Details |
|
Para. 1 |
School has been the place for people to get an education. |
Students study many subjects to form a solid foundation for developing into adults, for example, they must learn language, basic science, history, politics, computers, etc. |
|
Para. 2 |
No one can learn everything from school. |
(1) A teacher, no matter how much he knows, cannot teach his students everything they want to know. (2) They read books that were not taught at school. |
Structure（句子结构）
1. as far as … (程度上讲，就……之限度,在……范围内)
2. very (形容词，作定语用，强调同一的；真正的；恰好的)
3. in a way (to some extent) 在某种程度上
Vocabulary Enlargement（词汇拓展）
Synonyms and Antonyms（关于同义词、反义词）
Grammar（语法知识）：Voice （语态）
Reading Skills （阅读技巧）
Reading Between the Lines (推断题)
Writing Skills （写作技巧）：Punctuation （标点符号）
Unit 10 Social Problem
一、 本单元学习内容
Text A Rural Unemployment Becomes Urban Unemployment
Vocabulary Enlargement （词汇扩展）: Words with Similar Spelling and Polysemants
（形近词与多义词）
Grammar （语法知识）: Comparative Degree and Superlative Degree of Adjectives and Adverbs （形容词和副词的比较级与最高级）
Text B A Problem of Modern Life
Use of English （交际英语）: Bidding Farewell and Comforting (告别与安慰)
Reading Skills: Reading Procedures （阅读步骤）
Text C Stop Drug Abuse
Writing Skills (写作技巧)：Figures of Speech （修辞格）
二、本单元学习目标
By learning this unit, the students are encouraged to concern themselves with such social problems as pollution, overpopulation, drug abuse and unemployment, to make a contribution to environmental protection, and to try their best to help drug addicts to shrug off the effects of drugs while keeping away from drugs themselves.
通过学习本单元，鼓励学生关注诸如环境污染、人口过剩、吸毒和失业等社会问题，为环境保护做出自己的贡献，并在自己远离毒品的同时努力帮助吸毒者摆脱毒品的影响。
Text A Unemployment
Text Structure Analysis 课文结构分析
Topic: Unemployment Style: Exposition （说明文）
|
Paragraph |
Main Ideas |
Supporting Details |
|
Para 1 |
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer. |
(1) All the developing countries have a modern part. (2) They also have a non-modern part. |
|
Para 2 |
The typical condition of the poor in developing countries. |
(1) Their work opportunities are so limited that they cannot work their way out of their situation. (2) They are underemployed, or totally unemployed. (3) Some of them have land, but often too little land. (4) Many have no land, and no prospect of ever getting any. There is no hope for them in the rural areas, and so they drift into the big cities. |
|
Consequence |
They flock into the cities. Rural unemployment then becomes urban unemployment. |
|
Structure（句子结构）
1. get poorer (变得更穷)
2. while （而）表示对比
3. not only…but also… 不但……而且……
Vocabulary Enlargement （词汇拓展）
Words with Similar Spelling and Polysemants（形近词与多义词）
Grammar（语法知识）
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
Reading Skills （阅读技巧）
Reading Procedures （阅读步骤）
Writing Skills （写作技巧）：Figures of Speech （修辞格）
